Social Work Preparedness for Digital Social Engineering Threats: A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Awareness, Efficacy, and Vulnerable Populations in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Digital social engineering threatens vulnerable populations through manipulation and deception. Despite social work's mandate to protect at-risk communities, evidence of the profession's preparedness remains limited, particularly in Middle Eastern contexts. This study examines social work's capacity to prevent digital social engineering risks in Saudi Arabia by assessing awareness levels, perceived effectiveness, and identification of vulnerable populations. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 552 faculty members and students across six Saudi social work departments using validated questionnaires (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91). Findings revealed low prioritization of social engineering in education and practice (M=4.27, SD=0.62), inadequate awareness among professionals (M=4.24, SD=0.59), and perceived ineffectiveness in societal protection (M=4.32, SD=0.60). Elderly populations were identified as most vulnerable (M=4.46, SD=0.71), followed by persons with disabilities (M=4.38, SD=0.81). Saudi social work demonstrates significant preparedness gaps despite ethical obligations. Results indicate urgent need for curriculum integration, professional development, and targeted interventions for vulnerable groups.