Journal of Human Sciences At Hail University
© Journal of Humanities, University of Ha’il. Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, permitting use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited with a link to the license and indication of changes.
The degree of inclusion of sustainable development dimensions in the content of Earth and Space Sciences textbooks for secondary school in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the development of a proposed vision.
The study aimed to include the dimensions of sustainable development in the content of the Earth and Space Sciences book for secondary school in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to develop a proposed vision. The researcher used the descriptive approach with a content analysis method, and prepared a list of the dimensions of sustainable development that should be included in the content of the book. The sample consisted of the Earth and Space Sciences book for the third secondary grade, second semester (Masarat system). The tool was a content analysis card, which consists of the main dimensions of sustainable development, where each dimension included a number of indicators. The environmental dimension contains (15) indicators, the economic dimension consists of (10) indicators, and the social dimension (15) indicators. The reliability of the analysis tool was calculated by analyzing the same material twice, separated in time, then comparing the results of the two analyses. To determine the degree of inclusion of the dimensions of sustainable development in the content of the book, the researcher used frequencies and percentages. The results showed that there was a disparity in the distribution of the dimensions of sustainable development for the sub-indicators included in the book. The environmental dimension came in first place with a percentage of (55.48%), then the economic dimension with a percentage of (28.38%), and the social dimension came in last place with a percentage of (15.48%). ((12.46%, and based on the results of the study, the researcher recommends the necessity of achieving a balance between the three dimensions of sustainable development, and enhancing the inclusion of the social dimension in the content of the Earth and Space Sciences book.
Sustainable Development, Earth and Space Sciences book
Dr. Noora bint Faraj bin Mohammed Al-Dosari
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Rhythm formations in the poetry of Abdul Wahab Ibrahim Ashi
The study revealed the formations of the rhythmic structure in the works of the poet Abdel-Wahab Ibrahim Ashi between the external rhythm, represented by meter and rhyme, and the internal rhythm, which includes: Rotation, syntactic parallelism, repetition in its various types, alliteration, and counterpoint, and demonstrated the poet’s commitment - often - to meter and rhyme, and the tendency in his meters to be complete. The long, sandy, perfect, close together, plentiful, and simple sea are among the most revolving seas in his poetry. The poet also invested various rhythmic phenomena in enriching the internal music. He achieved sound engineering that gave the poem elegance and attractiveness, in addition to its synergy with various connotations, which led to vitality in the poetic context.
Meter, rhyme, parallelism, repetition, rotation
Awareness of Social Work Students at Qassim University of National Program of Saudi Vision 2030 The Quality of Program as a Model
This study aimed to determine the level of awareness among social work students at Qassim University regarding the national programs of Saudi Vision 2030, focusing on the Quality-of-Life Program as a case study. The researcher employed the social survey method as a scientific approach, and the study population included all students of the Department of Sociology and Social Work at the College of Languages and Humanities at Qassim University. A purposive sample of 258 students (both male and female) was selected from the population., and a questionnaire was used as the primary data collection tool. The findings revealed that the participants expressed a high level of agreement regarding the awareness of social work students about the national programs of Vision 2030, with a mean score of (3.62 out of 5.00). They also showed a high level of agreement on their awareness of the goals of the Quality-of-Life Program, with a mean score of (3.90 out of 5.00). Furthermore, the results indicated statistically significant differences at the (0.01) level or lower in the responses of the participants concerning their awareness of the program and its goals, in favor of female students, highlighting the role of gender in shaping awareness of these national programs.
Awareness, Vision 2030, Quality of Life Program, Social Work - Students
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Human Sciences At Hail University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Names divided into cosmic and sharia (legal) in the Holy Qur'an: A Collection and a Study.
This study examines the concept of designations (al-musammayāt) in the Holy Qur’an by collecting and analyzing them within the framework of their division into universal (kawniyyah) and legislative (shar‘iyyah) categories, highlighting the essential distinctions between the two and their impact on understanding and applying the Qur’anic text. The research aims to clarify the difference between universal and legislative designations, explore the implications of this distinction for the believer’s comprehension of Qur’anic discourse, and determine the responsibilities that arise after such knowledge. The study adopts an inductive, analytical, and comparative methodology. The findings reveal that universal designations are synonymous with divine will and encompass everything that God decrees and creates in the universe, whether good or evil, beloved to Him or not, and they inevitably occur. In contrast, legislative designations are synonymous with divine love and approval, encompassing what God commands and legislates for His servants, whether by enjoining what He loves and approves or forbidding what He dislikes, and they may or may not occur—yet when they do, they fall within the scope of universal designations. The study further concludes that certain Qur’anic designations may simultaneously convey both universal and legislative meanings, reflecting the depth and comprehensiveness of Qur’anic expression.
Cosmic, sharia, will, love and satisfaction, will.
Dr. Munayfah Bint Khulaif Bin Hamoud Alshammari
The effect of the contract is reversed between the rule and the exception "An applied analytical study"
The issue of the contract’s effect being transferred to the successor is one of the fundamental issues in the general theory of obligations, as it raises problems related to the extent of the transfer of rights and duties between predecessors and successors. The research aims to clarify the effect of this transfer to the general successor, the special successor, and the cases of exception. The researcher adopted the inductive method, the analytical method, and the applied method. The study concluded that there are two types of successors: the first: the general successor: who succeeds the person in all or part of his financial liability, and the effect of the contract extends to him within the limits of what the predecessor left of rights and obligations existing at the time of his death without extending to his private liability unless it appears from the contract or from the nature of the transaction or from the text of the system that this effect does not extend to the general successor. Second: The special successor: He is the one who succeeds another in the ownership of a specific thing. The basic principle is that he is a stranger to the contracts of his predecessor, as he is not bound by them nor does he acquire a right from them except by the fulfillment of three conditions.
general successor, special successor, succession, effects of contracts, inheritance
Dr .Abdullah bin Abdulaziz bin Mohammed Al-Fahham
A Proposed Model in Light of the Dimensions of Digital Citizenship for teaching Mathematics on Developing Critical Thinking Skills of the Intermediate Stage Female Students
This study aimed to prepare a proposed model in light of the dimensions of digital citizenship for teaching Mathematics and its impact on developing critical thinking skills for intermediate school students, To achieve this aim, the research used the quasi- experimental approach to answer the research questions, by used two groups, (Experimental and control( groups, The sample of study consisted of (40) female students from Intermediate school students in Asir region, The results showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between mean scores of the students of the experimental and control groups in the post test of critical thinking skills in favor of the experimental group, And in light of these results some recommendations and suggestions were made, Summarized in: The importance of Include dimensions of digital citizenship in mathematics curricula content.
teaching model, digital citizenship, critical thinking
Family Alienation in Saudi Society: An Analytical Field Study in Light of Karl Marx's Theory of Alienation
This study aims to explore the phenomenon of family alienation in Saudi society in light of Karl Marx’s six dimensions: estrangement, loneliness, powerlessness, exploitation, diminished enjoyment, and lack of appreciation. A descriptive survey method was applied to a sample of 1,693 Saudi adults (20 years and above) distributed across different regions of the Kingdom, using a questionnaire designed according to Marx’s framework. The findings revealed that the overall level of family alienation was relatively low; however, exploitation was the most prominent dimension (41.7%), followed by powerlessness (32.4%), while loneliness recorded the lowest level (26.2%). Significant differences were found across demographic variables, with higher alienation among younger participants, low-income groups, members of larger families, and those spending longer hours online. Correlation analysis also showed strong interrelations among the six dimensions, indicating their overlap in shaping individuals’ emotional experiences. The study concludes that role-related pressures and imbalance in appreciation are the most critical sources of family alienation in Saudi society. It highlights the need for preventive and counseling programs that enhance mutual recognition, ensure fair distribution of responsibilities, and promote balanced use of digital media. The findings emphasize incorporating family alienation into national social policies and encourage further studies that address its theoretical and applied dimensions
Alienation, Loneliness, Powerlessness, Exploitation, Lack of appreciation.
The Role of Professional Literacy in Qualifying King Saud University College of Education Students for The Requirements of The Labor Market
The study aimed to identify the reality of professional literacy in qualifying female students at the College of Education at King Saud University for the requirements of the labor market, and the challenges, and to discover whether there are statistically significant differences between the responses of the study sample attributed to the variables (academic qualification and training courses). To achieve this, the study used the descriptive survey method and the questionnaire that was applied to a simple random sample of female students at the College of Education at King Saud University. 338 students participated in the study. The study concluded that the practice of all dimensions (cognitive, attitudes, skills, and personal) related to the reality of professional literacy came at an average degree, with a mean of (3.17 out of 5.00). The degree of challenges that hinder professional literacy to qualify female students at the College of Education at King Saud University for the labor market came at a high degree, with an arithmetic mean of (3.44 out of 5.00). The results of the study also revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the average responses of the study participants regarding professional literacy attributed to differences in academic qualifications and training courses. The study recommended increasing coordination and cooperation between academic departments and the Graduate Support Center to identify future professional skills required by students before graduation, and increasing the number of specialized programs and training courses in the technical and digital skills required by the labor market.
A qualitative phenomenological study about the reasons and solutions of low reading comprehension skills among elementary school students from the viewpoints of international test coordinators and reading teaching supervisors
This study aimed to diagnose the manifestations of poor reading comprehension skills among primary school students and to identify the contributing factors behind the decline in this essential literacy skill. It also sought to explore proposed solutions for addressing the issue from the perspectives of international assessment coordinators and reading instruction supervisors within the Taif Education Directorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study adopted a qualitative methodology utilizing a phenomenological research design to explore and understand participants' in-depth experiences and insights regarding the phenomenon under investigation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with nine international assessment coordinators and reading supervisors, in addition to a focused group interview with six supervisors during the 1446 AH academic year. The findings revealed five key manifestations of weak reading comprehension skills, the most prominent of which were psychological, behavioral, and accumulative issues negatively affecting students’ ability to comprehend texts. Furthermore, the results indicated that the underlying causes of poor reading comprehension could be categorized into five domains: teacher-related factors, student-related factors, school and educational system-related factors, sociocultural factors, and curriculum and assessment-related factors. Based on these findings, the study proposed a set of solutions categorized into four main areas: organizational solutions related to the school and educational system, developmental solutions related to curriculum and instructional methods, professional solutions targeting teacher preparation and competency development, and general awareness solutions aimed at families and the broader community to enhance their role in supporting students’ reading comprehension skills.
reading comprehension, causes of reading weakness, reading skills, comprehension.
The Level of Practicing Visual Management Strategies and Its Relationship to the Level of Job Engagement from the Perspective of Al-Jouf University Employees
This study aimed to determine the level of practice of visual management strategies among university leaders at Al-Jouf University, to identify the level of employee engagement among the university’s employees, and to explore the relationship between them. It also sought to uncover statistically significant differences in the application of visual management and its role in enhancing employee engagement according to the variables of gender, experience, academic qualification, and direct supervisor. The study employed a descriptive-correlational methodology and relied on a questionnaire as the primary tool for data collection. It was conducted during the second semester of the 1446 AH / 2025 AD academic year on a sample of 161 administrative employees. The results showed that the level of practicing visual management strategies was high, with a mean score of 3.88. The “establishing work rules” strategy ranked first, followed by “eliminating waste,” then “purification,” and finally “continuous improvement.” The findings also indicated that the level of employee engagement was high, with an overall mean of 4.20, and that there was a strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.73) between the level of practicing visual management strategies and the level of employee engagement. Moreover, the results revealed statistically significant differences in favor of females and employees with more than ten years of experience, while no significant differences were found based on academic qualification or type of direct supervisor.
Visual Management, Employee Engagement, University Leadership, Continuous Improvement, Al-Jouf University
The Poetic Image in the Diwan “What the Flute Did Not Say”: A Semiotic Study
This study explores the semiotic dimensions of poetic imagery in *Ma Lam Yaqulhu Nay* by Abbas Mohammed Ahmed Badd. It aims to uncover the semiotic structure of the images in the collection and analyze their diverse semantic layers. The research adopts a semiotic approach that moves beyond the surface of the text to deeper levels, revealing hidden relations between signifiers and signifieds, while also employing a descriptive-analytical method to examine artistic and stylistic features. Findings highlight the richness, diversity, and depth of imagery, ranging from visual to auditory, with semantic dimensions that are existential, philosophical, psychological, emotional, symbolic, and mythical. The poet semantically employs titles and textual thresholds, while using binary oppositions—such as life/death, existence/non-existence, love/hatred—to structure his imagery. Overall, the collection reflects the poet’s existential and philosophical vision, his deep emotional experience, and his symbolic perception of life and being.
Preservice Early Childhood Education Students’ Perceptions of University-Level Difficulties in Learning Mathematics and Ways for Overcoming Them
This study aimed to explore and document early childhood education students’ perceptions of the difficulties they face in learning mathematics at the university level, identify associated factors, explore proposed ways to overcome them, and examine whether these perceptions vary by age, academic level, and prior mathematical background. The researcher developed a questionnaire encompassing four domains: understanding mathematical concepts, applying concepts in instructional and everyday contexts, motivation and affective factors, and the perceived effectiveness of tools and strategies. The study population comprised all students in the Early Childhood Department at the College of Education, Shaqra University (N = 670). A purposive sample of 103 students from levels 1–4 in the 1446–1447 AH academic year participated. Findings indicated moderate perceived difficulties in conceptual understanding, practical application, and motivation or affective factors, along with a high perceived effectiveness of tools and strategies. Students emphasized the need to simplify content to align with children’s characteristics, adopt guided play and interactive activities, and provide regular feedback. No statistically significant differences were found by age or academic level in any domain or in the overall score. Conversely, significant differences emerged based on prior school mathematics background, favoring students with such background in conceptual understanding and affective dimensions, as well as in the overall score, but not in practical application. The study recommends restructuring mathematics courses to emphasize rich classroom tasks, multiple representations, and continuous mathematical communication aligned with kindergarten curricula, as well as strengthening field training and microteaching with ongoing formative feedback throughout the program.
Mathematics Education; Difficulties; Early childhood; Preservice teachers.
A proposed vision for developing sport tourism in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The study aimed to develop a proposed vision for developing sports tourism in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, using a descriptive survey approach. The researcher used a questionnaire to achieve the study's objectives. The study population comprised residents of the Eastern Province and visitors from within and outside the Kingdom. The sample consisted of (402) individuals. They were selected randomly, and the results of the study showed that the sample members agreed on the actual reality of sports tourism in the Eastern Province and the demographic factors represented by the factors (economic, technological, social, cultural and geographical) to a high degree, followed by the reality of the sports facilities and capabilities available to a medium degree. and through the results of the study, a proposed vision was developed to develop sports tourism in the Eastern Province. The study recommended in relation to positive information, increasing personal resources to ensure sports information in the region, human resources management, and exploiting the diverse economic, technological and social factors available in the region to support sports tourism, building partnerships with local and international stakeholders, in addition to forming joint working groups to cooperate in organizing sporting events and developing sports-related tourism programs.
proposed vision, sports tourism, The Eastern Province
The Described Jurisprudential Sayings as Distant in Al-Furu' Book “ A Collection and Study in the Doctrine”
This entitled research "The Described Jurisprudential Sayings as Distant in Al-Furu' Book - A Collection and Study in the Doctrine," whereas the researcher relied on the analytical inductive approach. Jurisprudential sayings excluded by Ibn Muflih or other such as Hanbali doctrine, then was studied regarding on those who hold the distant view, and a clarification of the accepted view in the doctrine. A summary of the study was then submitted, along with a weighting of the arguments. The research consists of an introduction, in which the researcher identifies the term "distant" linguistically and technically, and a biography of the author and his Al-Furu' Book. The researcher then discusses six topics on the jurisprudential sayings described as distant by Ibn Muflih in the books of purification, prayer, zakat, rituals, punishments, and testimonies. The book concludes with a conclusion that presents the most important findings and recommendations. The most important findings are: The term "distant opinion" is intended by jurists to refer to the existence of a significant discrepancy between a juristic opinion and a recognized principle in Islamic law. The description of "distant opinion" in general terms, as reported by Ibn Muflih in his book "Al-Furu'," is valid. The most important recommendations are: The need to pay attention to the specific terminology of the Hanbalis in their writings and to balance them, regarding their usefulness in identifying the opinions of the school.
Attitudes of Female Students at Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi College Toward the Teaching Profession
Abstract: The present study aimed to identify the degree of attitudes held by female students at Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi College toward the teaching profession. It also sought to determine whether there were statistically significant differences at the (0.05) level in the students’ responses regarding their attitudes, attributable to academic specialization or educational level. A questionnaire was designed comprising three dimensions and a total of 24 items, and it was administered to 173 female students from the College’s Sharia Department.The results revealed that the overall level of attitudes of Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi College students toward the teaching profession was high, with a total mean score of (3.86) across all dimensions. Furthermore, the results of the Kruskal-Wallis H test indicated no statistically significant differences among participants’ responses in any of the three dimensions—attitudes toward working in the teaching profession, attitudes toward the social and economic status of the teaching profession, and attitudes toward teachers’ personal characteristics—attributable to academic specialization or educational level.
Attitude towards the teaching profession, Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi College, female students
Dr. Amna Muhammad Al-Mukhtar Al-Shanqeeti
The reality of using digital stories in Developing Critical Thinking skills among first-year secondary school students in Alnamas Governorate.
The study aimed to identify the reality of using digital storytelling in developing critical thinking skills among first-year secondary school students in Al-Namas Governorate. The descriptive method was employed, and the study sample consisted of (88) participants. A questionnaire was designed and administered to achieve the study’s objective. The results revealed several findings, including that the vast majority of respondents strongly agreed on the integration of digital storytelling in the educational process, with an overall approval rate of approximately (87.49%). The findings also indicated that participants viewed digital storytelling as an effective tool for developing higher-order thinking skills among first-year secondary students in Al-Namas, as the approval rates for its role in enhancing analysis, inference, interpretation, and evaluation skills ranged between (88%–91%), with marginal rates of neutrality or disagreement. Furthermore, the results showed that teachers face real obstacles in employing digital storytelling, as more than (81%) of the respondents acknowledged such challenges. This underscores the need for supportive solutions to overcome these barriers. On the other hand, statistical difference tests indicated that the degree of educational technology use had a significant effect on the effectiveness of digital storytelling integration, favoring teachers who were more frequent users of technology. However, no statistically significant differences were found attributable to gender or teaching experience, suggesting homogeneity in attitudes toward the use of digital storytelling across different groups. The studies recommended the following: Systematically integrating digital storytelling into secondary school curricula, particularly in subjects that enhance analytical and critical thinking, such as Arabic language and social studies.Developing a supportive school environment for the use of digital media by providing schools with the necessary technologies, technical support, and infrastructure that enable teachers to effectively use digital stories within classrooms.
Digital storytelling, critical thinking, secondary stage, students
Waqf Governance: Regulations and Practices
This research focused on determining the requirements for applying governance principles to waqf operations. It employed descriptive and analytical methodologies, through which it became clear that the world became interested in corporate governance following financial crises, and the application of its principles extended to awqaf (religious endowments).Waqf governance refers to: organizing authority over awqaf and controlling decision-making processes to achieve their objectives and protect the rights of beneficiaries. It addresses multiple aspects, beginning with the formulation of the waqf deed, which is considered the most important governance document, then ensuring its implementation. It includes other aspects such as governance of authorities when there are multiple levels of administration, disclosure of the waqf's financial position, prioritizing the waqf's interest, and disclosure of any personal interests that may conflict with it. It also requires that expenditure complies with the waqif's (endower's) conditions and is optimally directed.Governance also encompasses: nomination procedures, granting of rewards, and auditing operations, similar to what is applied in corporations, in addition to Sharia governance. Laws and regulations have included some aspects of waqf governance.Among the recommendations: starting from the fundamental concept of governance to establish principles specific to waqf governance that stem from their charitable nature and Sharia rulings, taking into account the differences in their forms and diversity between charitable awqaf and family awqaf. Independent civil organizations can contribute to this effort and to monitoring and disseminating best practices in waqf governance.
Governance, Waqf, Nazarah (Waqf Trusteeship), Authorities.
Dr. Abdul Aziz Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Al-Naser
The Level of Awareness and utilization of Artificial Intelligence Applications among Middle School Science Teachers
The paper aimed to study the level of Middle School Science Teachers’ Awareness of Artificial Intelligence Applications and Their Use in Teaching. Using a descriptive survey method and a questionnaire which was divided into three sections, first: science teachers’ awareness toward Artificial Intelligence Applications (13) items. Second, the degree of using Artificial Intelligence Applications among science teachers in teaching (17) items. Third, barriers of using Artificial Intelligence Applications in teaching (10) items. The study sample consisted of (155) teachers. Findings revealed that the level of Science Teachers’ Awareness of Artificial Intelligence Applications was high with an arithmetic mean of (4.4), whereas using Artificial Intelligence Applications in teaching was average with an arithmetic mean of (4.1). In addition, the results revealed that barriers of using Artificial Intelligence Applications in teaching were average with an arithmetic mean of (4.1).The results also showed that there was a statistically significant positive moderate correlation between Science Teachers’ Awareness of Artificial Intelligence Applications and Their Use in Teaching. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in science Teachers’ Awareness and use of Artificial Intelligence Applications attributable to the variables of years of experience and training courses. Recommendations of the study include examining the teachers' training needs for using the Artificial Intelligence applications, designing specialized programs according to the AI, and developing a technological effective base in the schools that contains AI programs.
awareness, science, Artificial Intelligence, teaching.
The Contribution of Food Banks to Enhancing Food Security – The Saudi Food Bank (Itaam Association) as a Model: An Analytical Study during the Period (2019–2023).
This study aims to analyze the contribution of food banks to enhancing food security through preserving surplus and excess food and reducing waste, with a specific focus on the Saudi Food Bank (Itaam Association) as a national model during the period 2019–2023. The research examines the developmental impact of the association in achieving food security through several performance indicators, including the volume of food preserved and distributed, the rate of waste reduction, and the number of families and individuals benefiting from its services. The study concludes that the association has effectively contributed to strengthening the four dimensions of food security—availability, access, utilization, and stability—thereby establishing itself as a leading national model in food sustainability. The research also presents several recommendations, most notably: supporting national legislation related to food preservation, expanding awareness initiatives to reduce waste, and enhancing integration among governmental, private, and non-profit sectors to ensure the achievement of sustainable food security.
Food Banks, Food Security, Saudi Food Bank, Itaam Association, Food Waste
Research on the COVID-19 Pandemic Published about Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Light of the Principles of Islamic Education: An Analytical Study
The study aimed to identify the extent to which research on the COVID-19 pandemic published about education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has incorporated certain principles of Islamic education, namely: the principle of lifelong education, the principle of self-education, and the principle of excellence. To achieve these objectives, content analysis was applied to all research on the COVID-19 pandemic published in peer-reviewed Saudi educational journals, totaling (24) studies across six journals. The study reached several findings, most notably: with regard to indicators of the principle of lifelong education, the highest frequency was observed in the indicator of integration among educational institutions in achieving the principle (48.6%), followed by highlighting the role of the teacher in sustaining education (19.8%), while the lowest indicator was providing evidence supporting the principle (0.9%). Concerning the indicators of the principle of self-education, the most prominent indicator was the role of the student in achieving self-education (51.6%), followed by the role of the teacher in promoting self-education (29.7%), while the lowest was the use of multimedia to achieve self-education (5.5%). Regarding the indicators of the principle of excellence, the most frequent indicator was integration among educational institutions in achieving the principle (34%), followed by the role of the teacher in fostering self-education (29.7%), while the lowest indicator was providing evidence supporting the principle (0.4%).
COVID-19 pandemic, education, principles of Islamic education, peer-reviewed journals.
Manifestations of Humanism in the Poetry of Ibn Khatima al-Ansari al-Andalusi
This research, with title "Manifestations of Humanism in the Poetry of Ibn Khatima al-Ansari al-Andalusi," addresses the most prominent aspects of this technique in the poet's poetry, presenting some of its poetic examples, exploring its depths, and probing its aesthetics as a stylistic deviation beyond bounds. It is a breaking of the prevailing law of language, and a stylistic technique that the Poet adopted as a means of expressing various matters. The Poet mentions the humanism in many of his poetic examples, employing it in various contexts in his poetry, and using it in constructing his text. The stylistic approach, which reveals and examines stylistic phenomena in the text, was used, in addition to the constructional approach, which reveals the characteristics of literary discourse. This study concluded by clarifying the most prominent aspects of humanism, which are humanizing time, place, nature, and emotions. The study also reveals the tangible effect of humanism in reviving the text and giving it the character of movement, sound, interaction, and life. Which made the aforementioned aspects contribute to the semantic richness of the text, the striking imagery in it, and conveying the poet's experience in an attractive way, which at the same time it is characterized with unconventional, persuasive and literary.
Humanization, Ibn Khatimah, Poetry, Displacement, Image.
Primary School Teachers’ Knowledge and Concepts about Autism Spectrum Disorder in Saudi Arabia
The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of autism spectrum disorder among primary school teachers in public schools in Saudi Arabia, identify statistically significant differences according to several demographic and professional variables, and explore the most common misconceptions and knowledge gaps among teachers. A descriptive and analytical method was used by utilizing a questionnaire developed based on a previously validated instrument. The findings revealed that teachers demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge about ASD, with a mean score of 61.7%. The results also show significant differences in knowledge levels in relation with number of the study variables. Additionally, the results highlighted several misconceptions and limited knowledge in different aspects of ASD among teachers. Findings were discussed in light of previous studies, and recommendations were provided to improve teachers’ practices and knowledge in teaching children with autism in the primary schools.
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Primary School Teachers, Knowledge about Autism, Misconceptions, Saudi Arabia
Social Protection Mechanisms for the Saudi Family Against the Risks of Digital Transformation" A Field Study Applied to a Sample of Saudi Families in the Riyadh Region"
This study aimed to identify the social protection mechanisms available to Saudi families against the risks of digital transformation. It focused on five main mechanisms: advocacy, empowerment, support, social assistance, and digital awareness. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and employed the social survey method by sample, which is suitable for descriptive research, and was applied to a random sample of 646 Saudi families in the Riyadh region. The results revealed that all mechanisms examined were rated at high levels. The advocacy mechanism achieved a mean score of 2.71 and was reflected in firmly confronting issues of online harassment, institutional efforts to combat cybercrime, and media engagement with online fraud issues. The empowerment mechanism scored a mean of 2.88, represented by enabling families to access information about the risks of digital transformation, supporting them in claiming their rights, and enhancing their ability to express their opinions. The support mechanism recorded a mean of 2.96 through providing social rehabilitation programs, legal support, and improving family quality of life. The social assistance mechanism achieved the highest mean of 2.97 and was evident in offering legal, emotional, and informational support to families affected by digital risks. Finally, the digital awareness mechanism scored a mean of 2.88 by raising families’ awareness of the causes of involvement in cybercrimes, promoting their knowledge of dealing with financial blackmail, and guiding them to avoid downloading programs from unknown sources.
Mechanisms, Social Protection, Saudi Family, Risks, Digital Transformation.
The mediating role of Self-Regulated Learning in the relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and students’ behavioral intention to use ChatGPT for learning
The rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) applications, such as ChatGPT, is transforming higher education. However, the key factors that influence students’ intention to use these applications remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of performance expectancy (PE) and effort expectancy (EE) on students’ behavioral intention (BI) to use ChatGPT for learning, with a focus on the mediating role of self-regulated learning (SRL). Using data from 287 university students, analyzed with structural equation modelling (SEM) in AMOS, we found that both PE and EE directly and significantly influence BI. Students who perceive ChatGPT as useful and easy to use are more likely to intend to adopt it. Notably, SRL mediates the link between EE and BI, but not between PE and BI, highlighting the importance of self-regulation when adoption is influenced by perceived ease of use. This study highlights the motivational and self-regulatory drivers behind AI adoption in education, offering practical guidance for policymakers and educators designing AI-supported learning.
ChatGPT, Behavioural Intention, Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Self-Regulated Learning
The stylistic of argumentation in the Vocative Expression (Ya Abati) in the Holy Quran
dialogic and persuasive discourse, blending rhetorical finesse with pragmatic intent. This study, entitled “The Stylistics of Argumentation in the Vocative ‘Yā Abatī’ in the Qur’an: A Pragmatic Study”, examines the persuasive, affective, and cohesive dimensions of this address, underscoring its central role in shaping discourse and achieving communicative purpose.Adopting a descriptive–analytical methodology, the research identifies and analyzes occurrences of argumentative strategies within the speech of sons addressing their fathers in the Qur’anic text. Special attention is given to structural features, pragmatic functions, and their stylistic impact on the receiver.The findings reveal that the style of “Yā Abatī” strategically utilizes cohesive devices—such as inna, qad, and the conjunction wa —to reinforce textual cohesion, sustain thematic focus, and enhance the intentionality of the address. As a performative act, this vocative is intricately linked to a range of speech acts that collectively serve its persuasive objectives. Significantly, the study demonstrates that the argumentative hierarchy embedded in the “Yā Abatī” construct emerges exclusively in contexts of theological disagreement between son and father, most notably in the discourses of Prophet Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) with his father.
Stylistics, argumentation, vocative, Yā Abatī, pragmatics.
Dr. Menwer bin Nayef AL-fdayd AL-shammari
Narrative memory Representations: a study of the novel (G)" by Abdullah Al-Zamai
This paper examines the representations of memory in the novel as a reconstructed past, reanimated through the narrative structure. The intentionality of remembering the past, or the affective connection with memory, as a struggle against forgetting, in the sense that memory forms a fundamental aspect of human existence, comes into focus. Using the technique of temporal analepsis, one of the most powerful devices of the modern novel's temporality, the human meanings come to be articulated through the individual's and/or the collective's memory and contribute to the narrative construction of a shared self. The novel (Jeem) by the Saudi novelist Abdullah Al-Zamay presents a profound model of Saudi fiction that is deeply concerned with remembering through narrative strategies, and this novel echoes the near and distant past through the narrative. The novel had been investigated through the phenomenological approach, aiming to reveal the intentionality of the act of remembering in the narrative and, in due course, resorting to insights from other critical approaches.
Representation. Intentionality. Phenomenology. Memory
Pragmatics and Vocabulary Acquisition: A Systematic Framework for the Development and Enrichment of EFL Students’ Linguistic Competence
This study explores the relationship between pragmatics and vocabulary acquisition in the context of learning English as a second or foreign language, with a particular focus on how social and contextual aspects of language use enhance learners’ ability to acquire and apply vocabulary effectively. It employs a qualitative discourse analysis of a televised conversation between a young magician and the judges on Britain’s Got Talent. The study employs a content analysis methodology to analyze the discourse linguistically. The study illustrates how pragmatic features contribute to lexical development. The findings reveal that vocabulary learning extends beyond rote memorization and requires an understanding of how words function within real-world communicative contexts. Key pragmatic elements—such as speech acts, politeness strategies, and contextual framing—were found to enrich students’ lexical competence. The study concludes by proposing pedagogical strategies for integrating pragmatic awareness into vocabulary instruction, ultimately supporting learners’ communicative proficiency and meaningful language use. Future research could investigate how the integration of pragmatic vocabulary influences learners across different age groups, proficiency levels, and instructional settings.
Pragmatics, Vocabulary Acquisition, EFL Instruction, Discourse Analysis, Communicative Competence.
Controls For Dealing with the Administrative Investigation Report with a Public Employee According to Employment Discipline Law (An Analytical Study)
This research aims to clarify the controls for handling administrative investigation reports by defining related terms, identifying the authorities responsible for investigating public employees, and outlining the procedures for managing such reports. The study includes an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion, and adopts the analytical method, which involves collecting, analyzing, and documenting information from approved sources. The research reached several key findings, most notably that the jurisdiction over administrative investigations is limited to the employee’s affiliated authority and the Oversight and Anti-Corruption Commission. It also found that administrative bodies are not authorized to dismiss employees ranked 14 and 15, or their equivalents, and must refer such violations to the Commission, which may then refer the case to the competent court if dismissal is deemed appropriate. Among the main recommendations presented by the researcher is the need to determine the legal effect of the Violations Review and Investigation Committee’s failure to submit its report within the designated timeframe, as well as setting a specific period for completing investigations conducted by the Oversight and Anti-Corruption Authority. These recommendations aim to enhance the efficiency and legal clarity of administrative investigative procedures.
Public employee, administrative investigation, investigation report.
The Power of Event in Nouns & Verbs A Study in Mechanisms & Indications
Linguists and grammarians have been intrigued by the concept of eventive energy in Arabic lexicon, particularly in verbal nouns and verbs, from the inception of traditional Arabic grammatical studies. They possess divergent concepts based on its functionality and purpose. The primary question this study seeks to address is: How does the degree of eventivity in a word influence its meaning and grammatical function? This research aims to examine the perspectives of linguists and scholars about the representation of events by nouns and verbs. This constitutes a segment of their research to comprehend the mechanics of eventive energy and its influence on sentence construction. The study employs a descriptive methodology, including the examination and analysis of ancient grammatical texts to get insights on the semantic dimension of this eventive force. The primary objective of the research is to investigate the influence of eventive energy on the syntactic arrangement of words in Arabic phrases. It aims to elucidate the syntactic requirements generated by events, manifesting as structural and relational dimensions, and to demonstrate the many representations of events via nominal and verbal forms concerning structure, function, and meaning. The primary findings of the study indicate that the verbal noun (maṣdar) explicitly and immediately denotes the event, whereas the verb denotes the event in an indirect and formal manner, including both its root and morphological structure. The verbal noun has significant eventive energy, increasing its likelihood of becoming an absolute object (mafʿūl muṭlaq). The verb has significant eventive force, enabling it to govern the verbal noun in the accusative case. The study indicates that more research is required on latent eventive energy in different word types, including derivative forms and other categories of verbs, such as deficient and stative verbs.
Event, verb, noun, verbal noun (maṣdar), and morphological form.
Promoting Sustainable Resource Consumption from the Perspective of Behavioral Economics: A study on the Saudi Society
The present paper aims to explore the theories and tools of behavioral economics to better understand the drivers of individual and collective behaviors related to consumption patterns. It also seeks to examine the potential of employing behavioral economics to guide people toward more rational and sustainable consumption, with a particular focus on specific applications such as water, electricity, and food. This study employs a descriptive and analytical methodology to review the existing literature on rational consumption and behavioral economics and its applications across various domains. It further derives practical applications, supported by examples, illustrating how behavioral economics tools, such as nudging, framing, reinforcement, and self-motivation, can be utilized to steer individuals toward responsible consumption of economic resources, especially within the local context of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paper concludes with a set of insights and recommendations drawn from behavioral economics, highlighting the relevant stakeholders who could benefit from such approaches. This is particularly relevant given Saudi Arabia’s increasing openness to integrating behavioral economics into its policies. The study’s findings are expected to contribute to a better understanding of how behavioral economics can be employed to foster a culture of rational and sustainable consumption in Saudi society, and in other societies more broadly.
rational consumption, behavioral economics, economic resources, behavioral guidance, Saudi Arabia